Sharpening & Smoothing refer to the digital manipulations used to analyze values of pixels of similar color shades and applying changes to these color shades. We can apply various filters to directionally sharpen or soften images, to accentuate edge details without affecting the rest of the image area, to highlight edges among areas of different colors and shades, to enhance defined areas of an image, to diffuse or smear colors to create a smooth appearance, to tone down differences between adjacent pixels without loss of detail,

With sharpness adjustments, we can make blemishes disappear, soften the midday sun on a baby's face, or freeze a "bullet-train".